The mechanism of a Water Softener

Filtration is a costly process of illuminating the solution for hard water but Water Softeners are cost effective solution which can be used in any commercial or industrial application.

• The irons (calcium and magnesium) in the water are exchanged with sodium ions. Sodium does not react badly with soap, the problems of hard water is eliminated.
• Iron replacement in the house water runs through a bed of minor plastic beads or through a chemical matrix called zeolite.
• Sodium irons are covered with beads or zeolite. As the water flows past the sodium irons, they swap places with calcium and magnesium.
• After all, the beads or zeolite contains calcium and magnesium without sodium, and at this point they break the softening of water

Regeneration Cycle of Water Softeners:-

• Backwash Cycle
  • Removes collected debris from the resin bed.
  • The exchanger is taken off line and out of service.
  • Raw water flows upward through the resin bed to expand it at least 50%.
  • Most foulant materials are scrubbed from the bead surfaces and fractured beads are washed away from the tank.


• Brine Cycle
  • Saturated salt solution from the brine supply is drawn gently through the resin bed
  • Calcium and magnesium ions are displaced from the zeolite and substituted with sodium ions from the salt brine.


• Rinse Cycle
  • Removes excess hardness from the resin bed and this cycle consists of a slow and a fast rinse phase.
  • During the slow rinse cycle raw water pushes the residual salt brine through the resin bed.
  • The fast rinse cycle flushes all remaining displaced calcium and magnesium ions, any unused salt brine, and packs the resin bed readying it for service.


• Service Cycle
  • The raw stream flows downward through the resin bed where the hard ions are removed and replaced by sodium ion.
  • The softener effluent is soft water with less than one grain of hardness.